概述
通过鼻咽拭子采集呼吸道黏膜表面样本是诊断成人和儿童COVID-19过程中的一项操作1-4。该操作也常用于检查其他病毒和某些细菌引起的疑似呼吸道感染患者。本文所附视频介绍了检测COVID-19，即严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）所致疾病时的鼻咽样本采集方法。
鼻咽拭子样本采集无特殊禁忌证。但患者有以下情况时，临床医师应谨慎处理：近期鼻外伤或手术史、鼻中隔严重偏曲、慢性鼻道阻塞或严重凝血功能障碍病史。
作者信息
Francisco M. Marty, M.D., Kaiwen Chen, B.S., and Kelly A. Verrill, R.N.
From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital (F.M.M., K.C.), and the Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center (K.A.V.) — both in Boston.Address reprint requests to Dr. Marty at the Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St., PBB-A4, Boston, MA 02115, or at fmarty@bwh.harvard.edu.
参考文献
1. MedlinePlus. Nasopharyngeal culture. March 23, 2020 (https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003747.htm. opens in new tab).
2. World Health Organization. Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected human cases: interim guidance. March 2, 2020 (https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331329/WHO-COVID-19-laboratory-2020.4-eng.pdf. opens in new tab).
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidelines for collecting, handling, and testing clinical specimens from persons for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). April 14, 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html. opens in new tab).
4. Gritzfeld JF, Roberts P, Roche L, El Batrawy S, Gordon SB. Comparison between nasopharyngeal swab and nasal wash, using culture and PCR, in the detection of potential respiratory pathogens. BMC Res Notes 2011;4:122-122.